Normal coordinates in a system of coupled oscillators and influence of the masses of the springs

Abstract

Experimental analysis of the motion in a system of two coupled oscillators with arbitrary initial conditions was performed and the normal coordinates were obtained directly. The system consisted of two gliders moving on an air track, joined together by a spring and joined by two other springs to the fixed ends. From the positions of the center of mass and the relative distance, acquired by analysis of the digital video of the experiment, normal coordinates were obtained, and by a non linear fit the normal frequencies were also obtained. It is shown that although the masses of the springs are relatively small compared to that of the gliders, it is necessary to take them into consideration to improve the agreement with the experimental results. This experimental-theoretical proposal is targeted to an undergraduate laboratory.